2. 문자셋과 마찬가지로 오라클 데이터베이스 관리자로 접속하여 NLS_LANGUAGE 파라미터의 속성값을 AMERICAN_AMERICA.KO16KSC5601로 변경
오라클을 설치할 때 지정해 주었던 .bash_profile 파일에서 Oracle 언어 환경변수를 다음과 같이 변경해 준다.
This article
presents a simple example of migrating the default character set of a
database using the CSSCAN and CSALTER character set scanner utilities
provided by Oracle. The basic steps involved in character set
conversion are listed below:
Backup
CLUSTER_DATABASE=FALSE (*RAC Only*)
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
STARTUP
CSSCAN
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
STARTUP RESTRICT
CSALTER
CLUSTER_DATABASE=TRUE (*RAC Only*)
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
STARTUP
Performing a backup before starting the character
set conversion is very important. If the conversion fails part way
through, you must restore from a backup before re-attempting the
conversion.
With the backup complete, the instance must be restarted. In the case of RAC databases, the CLUSTER_DATABASE parameter should be set to FALSE, then all RAC instances stoped and only one restarted.
ALTER SYSTEM SET CLUSTER_DATABASE=FALSE SCOPE=SPFILE; -- RAC Only
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP;
Once the database is open, the CSSCAN utility is run. This example command below would perform a scan of the whole database.
CSSCAN \"sys/password@db10g AS SYSDBA\" FULL=Y
If the character set migration utility schema is not installed on your database, you will get the following error.
C:\>CSSCAN \"sys/password@db10g AS SYSDBA\" FULL=Y
Character Set Scanner v2.1 : Release 10.2.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Dec 5 06:54:23 2006
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
CSS-00107: Character set migration utility schema not installed
Scanner terminated unsuccessfully.
C:\>
The
character set migration utility schema is installed by running the
"$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/csminst.sql" script in SQL*Plus as the SYS
user. Once the schema is present, the character set scanner should work
normally.
In the following example, the current database
character set is "WE8MSWIN1252", which we will convert to
"WE8ISO8859P15" using 32 scan processes.
C:\>CSSCAN \"sys/password@db10g AS SYSDBA\" FULL=Y
Character Set Scanner v2.1 : Release 10.2.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Dec 5 07:00:36 2006
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
Current database character set is WE8MSWIN1252.
Enter new database character set name: > WE8ISO8859P15
Enter array fetch buffer size: 1024000 >
Enter number of scan processes to utilize(1..32): 1 > 32
Enumerating tables to scan...
. process 1 scanning SYS.SOURCE$[AAAABIAABAAAAIRAAA]
. process 2 scanning SYS.SOURCE$[AAAABIAABAAAHCJAAA]
.
.
. process 14 scanning SYS.WRH$_SERVICE_WAIT_CLASS[AAANZRAADAAAJKBAAA]
. process 22 scanning SYS.WRH$_WAITSTAT[AAANUxAADAAAHzJAAA]
Creating Database Scan Summary Report...
Creating Individual Exception Report...
Scanner terminated successfully.
C:\>
Once
the scan has completed successfully, the database should be opened in
restricted mode so you can run the
"$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/csalter.plb" script as the SYS user. The
example below shows a successful conversion.
Total System Global Area 289406976 bytes
Fixed Size 1248600 bytes
Variable Size 83886760 bytes
Database Buffers 201326592 bytes
Redo Buffers 2945024 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> @@csalter.plb
0 rows created.
Function created.
Function created.
Procedure created.
This script will update the content of the Oracle Data Dictionary.
Please ensure you have a full backup before initiating this procedure.
Would you like to proceed (Y/N)?Y
old 6: if (UPPER('&conf') <> 'Y') then
new 6: if (UPPER('Y') <> 'Y') then
Checking data validility...
begin converting system objects
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Alter the database character set...
CSALTER operation completed, please restart database
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
0 rows deleted.
Function dropped.
Function dropped.
Procedure dropped.
SQL>
If
there are possible conversion problems, the process will report the
problem and clean itself up without performing the conversion. Here are
a couple of the messages I got when trying this process.
# When I tried to convert WE8MSWIN1252 -> AL32UTF8.
Checking data validility...
Unrecognized convertible date found in scanner result
# When I tried to run the CSALTER script without a SHUTDOWN-STARTUP RESTRICT.
Checking data validility...
Sorry only one session is allowed to run this script
Once the conversion is complete, you must restart the instance. In the case of RAC databases, the CLUSTER_DATABASE parameter should be set back to TRUE.
ALTER SYSTEM SET CLUSTER_DATABASE=TRUE SCOPE=SPFILE; -- RAC Only
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP;
